From: The Fund for Women Artists
Obama Has One, McCain Doesn't
Although history will judge the United States on the quality of our artistic expression, there has been almost no discussion of arts policy in the mainstream coverage of the current presidential campaign. When future generations look back at us, will the U.S. be honored for its cultural achievements? How will the candidates ensure that the U.S. is an enduring inspiration to the world?
There are substantial differences between the two candidates on this issue. Barack Obama has assembled a National Arts Policy Committee of 33 arts leaders (approximately half are women), and with their help he has drafted a two-page platform in support of the arts. (See http://www.barackobama.com/pdf/issues/
additional/Obama_FactSheet_Arts.pdf) The Democratic platform includes a plank that echoes Obama's views. (See the text below.)
In stark contrast, neither John McCain's website nor the Republican platform lists the arts as an issue. Even in the section of their platform that deals with education, the Republicans stress a "back to basics" approach and do not mention the arts. (See http://platform.gop.com/2008Platform.pdf )
Obama Promises More Money, More Favorable Laws
Obama promises to increase the budget of the National Endowment for the Arts, which
has dropped from its peak of $175 million in 1992 to $125 million now. He specifically mentions that he will increase federal funding for arts education and for "cultural diplomacy" programs which would send U.S. artists to other countries as "cultural ambassadors." Obama states that he will advocate for legislative changes to streamline the visa process (which has been very restricted since 9/11) to make it easier for artists and students to visit the U.S., and he supports a change in the federal tax code that would give artists a break by letting them deduct the fair market value of their work (instead of just the costs of their materials) when they donate their works to charity. An Artist Corps in the Schools One of Obama's most interesting ideas is his plan to form an "Artist Corps" of young artists trained to work in low-income schools and their communities. Programs like this that create jobs for artists have often been the most effective forms of arts subsidy in the U.S. For instance, in 1935 President Franklin Delano Roosevelt launched the Works Progress Administration in response to the massive unemployment during the Great Depression. The WPA philosophy was to put people back to work in jobs that would serve the public and enhance the workers' skills and self-esteem. Although the program only lasted until 1942, it employed up to 40,000 artists a year and provided training to many who became the most distinguished artists of their generation. Like many other citizens, U.S. artists are struggling to make ends meet as a result of rapidly increasing prices for the basic living expenses of housing, food, transportation, and health care. Both candidates claim that their programs will help all Americans address these issues, however the Republican policies over the past 8 years have made these problems worse. Obama's arts policy recognizes that finding affordable health care is a particular problem for many artists since they often work independently and are not eligible for employer-funded health programs. McCain Has A Record of Voting Against the Arts Although the Arts Action Fund has been working since the New Hampshire primaries in 2007 to obtain statements from each of the candidates about their arts policies, the McCain campaign has not addressed this issue. (For links to the arts policies of each candidate, see http://www.artsactionfund.org/artsvote/001.asp .) Therefore, the only way to deduce McCain's attitude towards the arts is to review his voting record in the Senate, which reveals that he has voted to reduce arts funding twice. (See http://artsusa.www.capwiz.com/artsusa/keyvotes.xc/?lvl=C) In 1999 he was one of 16 senators who supported the Smith-Ashcroft amendment which would have eliminated funding for the National Endowment for the Arts. (The amendment failed.) Then in 2000 he was one of 27 senators who voted to reduce the National Endowment for the Arts budget by $7.3 million. (This amendment also failed.) Given this voting record it seems unlikely that McCain will lead any efforts to increase arts funding. However, prior to the Reagan years, Republicans were more supportive of the arts. In fact, the largest growth in the National Endowment for the Arts budget was during the Nixon adminstration when the agency was under the leadership of Nancy Hanks. Some Republicans remain interested in the arts. Former Arkansas governor Mike Huckabee, who tried unsuccessfully for this year's presidential nomination, is a strong advocate of arts education, and Republican legislators now comprise 39% of the Senate Cultural Caucus and 20% of the House Arts Caucus. (see http://www.artsactionfund.org/pdf/special_reports/2006/congressional_report_card.pdf)
Over 1,500 members of national, regional, and inter-national science academies have signed the Warning. Sixty-nine nations from all parts of Earth are represented, including each of the twelve most populous nations and the nineteen largest economic powers. The full list includes a majority of the Nobel laureates in the sciences. Awards and institutional affiliations are listed for the purpose of identification only. The Nobel Prize in medicine is for physiology or medicine.
World Scientists' Warning to Humanity
Some 1,700 of the world's leading scientists, including the majority of Nobel laureates in the sciences, issued this appeal on November 18, 1992. The Warning was written and spearheaded by UCS Chair Henry Kendall.
Human beings and the natural world are on a collision course. Human activities inflict harsh and often irreversible damage on the environment and on critical resources. If not checked, many of our current practices put at serious risk the future that we wish for human society and the plant and animal kingdoms, and may so alter the living world that it will be unable to sustain life in the manner that we know. Fundamental changes are urgent if we are to avoid the collision our present course will bring about. The environment is suffering critical stress.
Photo by Begonya Plaza
The Atmosphere
Stratospheric ozone depletion threatens us with enhanced ultraviolet radiation at the earth's surface, which can be damaging or lethal to many life forms. Air pollution near ground level, and acid precipitation, are already causing widespread injury to humans, forests and crops.
Water Resources
Heedless exploitation of depletable ground water supplies endangers food production and other essential human systems. Heavy demands on the world's surface waters have resulted in serious shortages in some 80 countries, containing 40% of the world's population. Pollution of rivers, lakes and ground water further limits the supply.
Oceans
Destructive pressure on the oceans is severe, particularly in the coastal regions which produce most of the world's food fish. The total marine catch is now at or above the estimated maximum sustainable yield. Some fisheries have already shown signs of collapse. Rivers carrying heavy burdens of eroded soil into the seas also carry industrial, municipal, agricultural, and livestock waste -- some of it toxic.